Журнал «Медицина неотложных состояний» Том 18, №1, 2022

Синдром обструктивного апное сну є досить частим станом, на який іноді не звертають уваги. Основним його проявом є припинення самостійного дихання уві сні з частотою понад 5 раз на годину з пробудженнями, порушенням сну і, як наслідок, денною сонливістю. Найбільш часто синдром обструктивного апное сну поєднується з ожирінням. Визнано, що існує зв’язок між цим захворюванням і гіпертонією, ішемічною хворобою серця, інсультами. Діагностика вимагає спеціальних методів дослідження, таких як полісомнографія. Існують досить прості опитувальники, що дозволяють запідозрити це захворювання (шкала Епворт, опитувальник STOP-Bang). В амбулаторній хірургії синдром обструктивного апное сну (в поєднанні з ожирінням) представляє небезпеку за рахунок складних дихальних шляхів, ризику апное при виході з наркозу, раптової смерті у післяопераційному періоді. В даному огляді наведені методи корекції цього захворювання, особливості передопераційної оцінки хворих, інтраопераційного ведення, особливості пробудження в постнаркозному періоді.

Obstructive sleep apnea is a common and often overlooked condition. Its main manifestation is the pause of spontaneous breathing during sleep with a frequency of more than five times per hour with awakenings, sleep disturbances and, as a result, daytime sleepiness. Obstructive sleep apnea is most commonly associated with obesity. It is recognized that there is a link between this disease and hypertension, coronary heart disease, and strokes. Diagnosis requires special research methods such as polysomnography. There are fairly simple questionnaires that allow suspecting this condition (Epworth scale, STOPBang questionnaire). In outpatient surgery, obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (in combination with obesity) is dangerous due to difficult airways, the risk of apnea upon recovery from anesthesia, sudden death in the postoperative period. This review presents methods of correction of this condition, features of the preoperative assessment of patients, intraoperative management, and features of awakening in the post-anesthetic period.

синдром обструктивного апное сну; сонне апное; амбулаторна хірургія; огляд

obstructive sleep apnea; sleep apnea; outpatient surgery; review

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