Журнал «Почки» Том 11, №3, 2022
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Проблеми нирково-замісної терапії: чи є вибір у пацієнта?
Авторы: Іванов Д.Д.
Національний університет охорони здоров’я України імені П.Л. Шупика, м. Київ, Україна
Рубрики: Нефрология
Разделы: Справочник специалиста
Версия для печати
Резюме
Сьогодні проблема нирково-замісної терапії гостро стоїть в усьому світі. Основними методами зараз є діаліз та ниркова трансплантація. Разом із тим для багатьох регіонів один чи більше методів є недосяжними, що зумовлене економічними, соціальними та іншими чинниками. Гемодіаліз та перитонеальний діаліз є рівнозначними за ефективністю методиками, однак навіть за умови доступності обох видів буває нелегко здійснити вибір на користь того чи іншого. Для кожного пацієнта, що вибирає метод нирково-замісної терапії, стоїть питання, який шлях вибрати. Моральний і соціальний аспекти такого вибору є досить складними. Тому роль лікаря, окрім кваліфікованого виконання нирково-замісної терапії, є багато в чому дорадчою та потребує терпіння й розуміння пацієнта. Важливо підняти рівень інформованості пацієнтів, освіту медичного персоналу та забезпечити рівномірний доступ до усіх видів нирково-замісної терапії у світі.
Nowadays there is an emerging problem with renal replacement therapy in the world. Its main methods include dialysis and renal transplantation. However, many regions in the world do not have access to one or more therapy methods due to numerous economic, social, and other factors. Hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis are shown to be equally efficient, however, it may be difficult to choose one. For each patient who is faced with the choice of a method of renal replacement therapy, the question is which way to choose. The moral and social aspects of such a choice are quite complex. Therefore, the role of a doctor, in addition to the qualified performance of renal replacement therapy, is largely advisory and requires patience and understanding of a patient. It is important to raise the awareness of patients and the level of medical staff education as well as provide equal access to all renal replacement therapy types in the world.
Ключевые слова
нирково-замісна терапія; гемодіаліз; перитонеальний діаліз; ниркова трансплантація; хронічна хвороба нирок
renal replacement therapy; hemodialysis; peritoneal dialysis; renal transplantation; chronic kidney disease
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